IL-1 betaRabbit anti-Mouse, Rat, Polyclonal, Rockland™

Description

• Store vial at 4°C prior to restoration
• For extended storage aliquot contents and freeze at -20°C or below
• Avoid cycles of freezing and thawing
• Centrifuge product if not completely clear after standing at room temperature
• This product is stable for several weeks at 4°C as an undiluted liquid
• Dilute only prior to immediate use
• This is an IgG preparation of whole rabbit serum purified by DEAE fractionation
• This antibody is primarily directed against mature, 17,000 MW mouse IL-1 beta and is useful in determining its presence in various assays
• The antibody does not recognize human IL-1 beta or mouse IL-1 alpha based on a neutralization assay
• In ELISA formats and other immunoreactive assays, reactivity occurs with rat IL-1 beta
• This antibody will recognize 10% of the non-denatured (native) precursor 31,000 MW mouse IL-1 beta containing samples but will primarily detect all of the 17,000 MW mature molecule
• However, in immunoblot analysis, the usual procedure of heating the sample in SDS with or without reducing agents will facilitate denaturing of the 31,000 MW IL- 1 beta precursor molecule
• Denatured 31,000 precursor IL-1 beta will be recognized by this antibody
• Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is a proinflammatory cytokine expressed by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells
• IL-1 beta is synthesized in response to inflammatory stimuli as a 31 kDa inactive pro-form that accumulates in the cytosol
• Cleavage of pro-IL-1 beta into the active 17 kDa protein requires the activation of inflammasomes, which are multi-protein complexes that respond to pathogens, stress conditions, and other danger signals
• Inflammasome activation triggers the processing of the caspase-1 precursor into its active form, which in turn cleaves pro-IL-1 beta
• IL-1 beta lacks a signal sequence peptide for classical ER/Golgi pathway and is secreted alongside caspase-1 via an alternate and incompletely understood mechanism
• Although IL-1 beta is most often secreted in its active form, secretion of the uncleaved protein may be detectable under some biological conditions
• IL-1 beta signals through two receptors, IL-1RI and IL-1RII, both of which are shared with IL-1 alpha
• IL-1 beta activity can be moderated by IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (IL-1RA), a protein produced by many cell types that blocks receptor binding through competitive inhibition
• IL-1 beta play an important role in innate host defense by triggering the production of other proinflammatory cytokines in target cells and initiating acute-phase responses to infection and injury
• Elevated levels of IL-1 beta have been associated with many chronic inflammatory conditions IL-1 beta neutralizing antibodies potential therapeutic value.