CD184 (CXCR4) Monoclonal Antibody (12G5), Functional Grade, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

• Description: The 12G5 monoclonal antibody reacts with human CD184 (CXCR4), also termed Fusin, LESTR, or HUMSTR
• CD184 is a member of the G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor family with seven membrane-spanning domains, and functions as a coreceptor for X4 HIV-1 entry into CD4+ cells
• CD184 is expressed predomitly on naive T cell subsets of peripheral blood and is rapidly upregulated by PHA and IL-2 stimulation
• The 12G5 antibody shows partial inhibition of chemotaxis and calcium influx induced by SDF-1 (the natural ligand of CD184), blocks CD4-independent HIV-2 infection, and blocks CD4-dependent infection by some T-tropic HIV-1 isolates
• Applications Reported: The 12G5 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis
• It has also been reported in blocking of CXCR4 in functional studies
• (Fluorochrome-conjugated 12G5 is recommended for use in flow cytometry.)
• Applications Tested: The 12G5 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells
• This can be used at less than or equal to 0.5 μg per test
• A test is defined as the amount (μg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 μL
• Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test
• It is recommended that the antibody be carefully titrated for optimal performance in the assay of interest
• Endotoxin: Less than 0.001 ng/ug antibody as determined by the LAL assay
• CXCR4 (Fusin, LESTR, HUMSTR) is a member of the G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor family with seven membrane-spanning domains, and functions as a co-receptor for X4 HIV-1 entry into CD4+ cells
• CXCR4 has been proved to be the co-receptor for HIV-2's binding to CD4 through envelope glycoprotein gp 120 and promotes Env-mediated fusion of the virus
• In other cases, CXCR4 can even function as the only receptor for HIV-2's binding to the CD4 host cells
• CXCR4 is the receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation
• CXCR4 acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels
• Also, CXCR4 is involved in hematopoiesis and in cardiac ventricular septum formation, and plays an essential role in vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract, probably by regulating vascular branching and/or remodeling processes in endothelial cells
• In the CNS, CXCR4 could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival and is involved in cerebellar development
• CXCR4 binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes
• Antibodies to CXCR4 block HIV-1 and HIV-2 fusion and infection of human target cells
• The amino-terminal domain and the second extracellular loop of CXCR4 serve as HIV biding sites.